INFECTION CONTROL AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES IN SURGICAL SETTINGS

Infection control and prevention are critical components of ensuring patient safety and optimal outcomes in surgical settings. This chapter explores the key strategies implemented to minimize the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs) and other healthcare-associated infcetions (HAIs) in operating rooms. It begins by examining the importance of stringenthygienic practices, such as hand hygiene and aseptic techniques, to prevent the introduction of pathogens. The chapter also addresses the role of sterilization and disinfection protocols in safeguarding surgical instruments, surfaces, and environments. Additionally, it highlights the significance of surveillance systems to monitor infection rates, identify trends and inform evidence based interventions. Emphasis is placed on the roles of multidisciplinary teams,including surgeons,nurses and infection control specialists, in maintaining a culture of safety and adherence to infection prevention protocols.Moreover,the chapter discusses the challenges posed by emerging antimicrobial-resistant organisms and the evolving guidelines for antibiotic stewardship in surgical settings. Finally the cahapter considers the role of patient factors. Such as comorbidities and preoperative preparation, in reducing infection risks. By synthesizing current best practice and emerging trends, this chapter provides comprehensive overview of infection control and prevention strategies essential for improving surgical outcomes and protecting patients in healthcare settings.